सांख्य — {sāṃkhya} mfn. (fr. {saṃ-khyā}) numeral, relating to number W##relating to number (in gram as expressed by the case-terminations &c.) Pat##rational, or discriminative W##m.one who calculates or discriminates well, (esp.) an adherent of the Sāṃkhya doctrine CūlUp. MBh. &c##N. of a man Car##patr. of the Vedic Ṛishi Atri Anukr##N. of Śiva MBh##n. (accord. to some also m.) N. of one of the three great divisions of Hindū philosophy (ascribed to the sage Kapila {q.v.}, and so called either from, discriminating', in general, or, more probably, from 'reckoning up' or 'enumerating' twenty-five Tattvas [see {tattva}] or true entities [twenty-three of which are evolved out of Prakṛiti 'the primordial Essence' or 'first-Producer', viz. Buddhi, Ahaṃkāra, the five Tan-mātras, the five Mahā-bhūtas and Manas##the twenty-fifth being Purusha or Spirit {sometimes called ṣoul} which is neither a Producer nor Production [see {vikāra}], but wholly distinct from the twenty-four other Tattvas. and is multitudinous, each separate Purusha by its union with Prakṛiti causing a separate creation out of Prakṛiti, the object of the philosophy being to effect the final liberation of the Purusha or Spirit from the fetters caused by that creation##the Yoga {q.v.} branch of the Saqikhya recognizes a Supreme Spirit dominating each separate Purusha##the Tantras identify Prakṛiti with the wives of the gods, esp. with the wife of Śiva##the oldest systematic exposition of the Sāṃkhya seems to have been by an author called Pañca-śikha [the germ, however, being found in the Ṣashṭi-tantra, of which only scanty fragments are extant]##the original Sūtras were superseded by the SṭSāṃkhya-kārikā of Īśvara-kṛishṇa, the oldest manual on the Sāṃkhya system that has come down to us and probably written in the 5th century AḌ., while the Sāṃkhya-sūtras or SṭŚiva-pravacana and Tattva-samāsa, ascribed to the sage Kapila, are now thought to belong to as late a date as the 14th or 15th century or perhaps a little later) ŚvetUp. MBh. &c. IW. 73 &c. RTL
इन्हें भी देखें :
These Also :